The clinical symptoms of 10 dead rabbits in a large-scale rabbit farm in Hebei Province were observed, and then the rabbits were dissected. The pathogenic bacteria that caused the disease in the rabbit farm were determined by isolation and culture, Gram staining, biochemical test, 16S rRNA sequence alignment, toxin typing, determination of growth curve, colony counting, antimicrobial susceptibility test, histopathological observation and animal pathogenicity test, and their biological characteristics and drug sensitivity were studied. The results showed that the biochemical characteristics of the isolated Gram-positive bacilli were consistent with those of Clostridium perfringens; its 16S rRNA sequence was 1 380 bp in length, and its similarity to the sequence of type A Clostridium perfringens(No. MK156683.1), reached 99%. The results of isolate toxin typing showed that this gene only carried the cpa virulence gene. The results of animal pathogenicity test showed that all rabbits in the test group died 24 h after infection. The pathogenic microorganism of the diseased organs of the rabbits and infecting strain were identified as the same strain. The results of the drug sensitivity test showed that the isolated Clostridium perfringens type A was sensitive to 10 drugs: gentamicin, kanamycin, butylcarbamazine, azithromycin, madicillin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, enrofloxacin, oxfloxacin and ceftriaxone.