120 healthy Xinong Saanen dairy goats with similar parity(2.5±0.2), body weight(54.84±4.21) kg, and lactation age(72.0±3.5) days were selected. After feeding 42 days, milk samples were collected and somatic cell counts(SCC) were determined. Based on SCC, the dairy goats were categorized into three groups: L-SCC group(SCC< 5.0×105 /mL), M-SCC group(5.0×105≤SCC<1.0×106 /mL), and H-SCC group(SCC> 1.0×106 /mL). Fifteen goats were randomly selected from each group Rumen fluid was collected from these goats to assess rumen microbial diversity and analyze the correlation between somatic cell count in goat milk and rumen microflora. The results indicated that: 1) there were no significant differences in α-diversity, β-diversity, and dominant bacterial groups in the rumen microbiota among dairy goats with different SCC levels. At the phylum level, the Actinobacteriota in the L-SCC group was significantly higher than that in the M-SCC and H-SCC groups. At the genus level, notable differences were observed in Succiniclasticum, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Anaerovibrio, Gastranaerophilales_unclassified, Bifidobacterium, p-251-o5_unclassified, Escherichia-Shigella, Sharpea, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus; 2) SCC showed a significant positive correlation with the relative abundance of Succiniclasticum in the rumen and a highly significant positive correlation with the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 in goat milk.