In this study, 60 Xiangdong black goats, including 9 rams and 51 ewes, were sequenced through GBS sequencing, for SNPs and ROH on the chromosomes of Xiangdong black goats. Genetic relationship analysis based on G matrix and NJ cluster analysis were carried out using SNP data to construct pedigree of population structure and inbreeding coefficient was obtained based on ROH data. These results showed that average sequencing depth of 60 Xiangdong black goats was 9.15X, with a mapping rate of 99.59% compared with reference genomes. In the process of SNPs detection, the data of 3 ewes failed to meet the genotype quality control standards thus were excluded to obtain the 153046 SNPs and 1937 ROH fragments on 29 autosomes from 57 Xiangdong black goats, based on which pedigree including 8 families was constructed in which 9 rams and 6 ewes were divided into 7 families and other 42 ewes were classified separately. Based on ROH, the average inbreeding coefficient of individual in the population of Xiangdong black goat was 0.047, indicating that the rams have good potential for breeding.