In this study, 104 MADS-box genes were identified from pepper by using the whole genome data of pepper, and their physical and chemical properties, chromosome location, phylogenetic relationship, protein conserved motifs and tissue expression levels were analyzed. The results showed that the members of MADS-box gene family in pepper were uneven distribution on chromosomes and their physical and chemical properties were quite different. The length of amino acids encoded by 104 family members was 100-567 aa, the relative molecular masses of proteins were 11 203.9-63 559.7, and the theoretical isoelectric points(PI) of proteins were 4.63-10.46. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the MADS-box gene family of pepper could be divided into two categories, which were similar to the evolutionary relationship between Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato. The analysis of tissue expression level showed that CaMADSs were mainly expressed in flowers, fruits and seeds, and was less expressed in leaves, speculating that MADS-box gene might be involved in regulating fruit development and ripening.