This experiment involved the collection of ear tissue samples from 441 multiparous sows of Guangyi black pigs. DNA was extracted and genotyped using a porcine 50K SNP beadchip. Quality control(QC) was performed using PLINK 1.9 software. Genome-wide association analysis of porcine reproductive traits was conducted based on QC results using the mixed linear model of GMAT. Results revealed that among 414 Guangyi black sows, a total of 50 898 SNPs were obtained, but after quality control, 46 165 SNPs remained suitable for GWAS. The population’s kinship coefficient was –0.002 2, indicating a relatively low average genetic relationship and negligible population stratification. One SNP exhibited significant correlation, and four SNPs showed potential significant correlation with total number born at a genome-wide level. The associated candidate genes included PIK3C3, ENSSSCG00000003753, MAP3K3 and DCAF7. Additionally, six SNPs potentially displayed significant correlation with the number born alive, involving associated candidate genes such as ZNF585A, ENSSSCG00000022411, ZNF784, ENSSSCG00000029007, PigE-108A11.5, PigE-108A11.3 and ENSSSCG00000023343. Furthermore, one SNP showed potential significant correlation with the number born weak, and the associated candidate genes were KRTAP7-1 and TIAM1. Gene functional analysis suggested that PIK3C3 and MAP3K3 might be candidate genes influencing the total number born in Guangyi black pigs.