This study utilizes RT, SC, and RIL populations derived from hybrids exhibiting substantial variations in photosynthetic pigment content. The aim was to investigate correlations and QTL mapping among four photosynthetic pigment traits(chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a/b and total chlorophyll) through correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Correlation analysis revealed notable positive correlations among the four photosynthetic pigment traits, with the highest correlation coefficient observed between chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content. Principal component analysis highlighted chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content as pivotal factors significantly influencing photosynthetic pigment levels. Cluster analysis categorized 239 strains into three distinct groups, with their average photosynthetic pigment contents of Group Ⅰ, Group Ⅱ, GroupⅢ decreased successively. Furthermore, employing the composite interval mapping method, four QTLs associated with photosynthetic pigment content were identified. These QTLs were located on rice chromosomes 4 and 8. The LOD values ranged from 2.01 to 3.14, and phenotypic contribution rates ranged from 4.52% to 7.08%. Importantly, all additive effects were positive. A noteworthy QTL cluster was found on chromosome 8, encompassing the RM6155 to RM23446 markers. This cluster controlled chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a/b, and total chlorophyll traits, signifying a pivotal chromosomal region influencing photosynthetic pigment characteristics. Additionally, this study discovered new QTL sites regulating photosynthetic pigments, including qChla-8, qChla/b-4, qChla/b-8 and qChlt-8.