3种有机肥部分替代化肥对春茶产量与品质的影响
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浙江省重点研发计划项目(2022C02045、2020C02030);浙江科技创新领军人才项目(2021R52045)


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    摘要:

    于浙西丘陵地区‘龙井43’成龄茶园设置纯化肥和猪粪、茶渣、沼渣3种肥源有机肥处理(有机肥替代50%化肥),连续2 a进行大田试验,探究3种不同肥源有机肥部分替代化肥对春茶产量、品质及中量、微量元素含量的影响。结果表明:连续施用2 a有机肥后,猪粪、茶渣、沼渣有机肥分别比纯化肥提高春茶鲜叶产量21.53%、3.98%和6.62%;与纯化肥相比,有机肥施用1 a和2 a后,茶渣、沼渣有机肥处理的茶叶游离氨基酸总量均有所提高;茶渣有机肥施用1 a后显著降低了茶叶酚氨比,猪粪、沼渣有机肥施用2 a后也显著降低了茶叶酚氨比,有机肥施用2 a对茶叶品质的提升效果比1 a更明显;采用主成分分析法对2 a试验茶叶产量和品质数据进行综合评价,茶渣有机肥、猪粪有机肥、沼渣有机肥、纯化肥的综合得分依次降低;猪粪有机肥处理的茶叶Cu、Zn含量最高,茶渣有机肥处理的茶叶Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn含量最高。可见,施用3种有机肥均可提高茶叶产量,改善茶叶品质,促进茶叶对中量、微量元素的吸收,尤其以茶渣有机肥在茶园的应用效果更佳。

    Abstract:

    To explore the effects of three types of organic fertilizers on the yield, quality and content of medium and trace elements of spring tea, two-year field trials were performed in the ‘Longjing43’mature tea garden in the hilly area of western Zhejiang. Four fertilization treatments were set including chemical alone fertilizer as control and three organic fertilizers, which were made by pig manure, tea residue, and biogas residue, and organic fertilizer replaces 50% of chemical fertilizer. The results showed that compared with chemical fertilizers, after continuous application of organic fertilizer for 2 a, the organic fertilizers from pig manure, tea residue, and biogas residue increased the yield of fresh leaves of spring tea by 21.53%, 3.98% and 6.62%, respectively. Compared with chemical fertilizers, the total amount of free amino acids in tea treated with organic fertilizers from tea residues and biogas residues increased after 1 a and 2 a of application. The phenol-ammonia ratio of the organic fertilizer from tea residues was significantly reduced after 1 a of application. The phenol-ammonia ratios of the three kinds of organic fertilizers significantly reduced after 2 a of application, and the improvement effect of organic fertilizer application for 2 a on tea quality was more obvious than that for 1 a. The data of tea yield and quality in the two consecutive years were comprehensively evaluated using the principal component analysis, and the comprehensive scores of tea residue, pig manure, biogas residue and only chemical fertilizer were decreased in turn. The content of Cu and Zn in tea leaves treated with pig manure organic fertilizer were the highest, and the content of Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn in tea leaves treated with tea residue organic fertilizer were the highest. It could be seen that the application of the three organic fertilizers could increase the yield of tea, improve the quality of tea, and promote the absorption of medium and trace elements in tea, especially the application of tea residues organic fertilizer in tea gardens was better than the other two fertilizer.

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周家昊,孙万春,俞巧钢,林辉,王强,叶静,陈照明,马军伟,杨军.3种有机肥部分替代化肥对春茶产量与品质的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2023,49(1):.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-03-03
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