The polysaccharide content of 1-year-old, 2-year-old, 3-year-old and 4-year-old field Polygonatum odoratum were analyzed based on the growth years, rhizome age sections, varieties, the harvest periods and the processing methods. The results showed that the polysaccharide content of 1-year-old P. odoratum was significantly lower than those of 2-year-old, 3-year-old and 4-year-old P. odoratum, and the polysaccharide content of 3-year-old P. odoratum was the highest and reached 5.64%-7.20%, which reached the peak in September to October. In different rhizome age sections, the polysaccharide contents of the second and third age sections were higher than 6.00% during the whole growth period, which were significantly higher than those of the first, fourth and seed stem age sections. Among different breeds, the polysaccharide contents of Honggan Zhushiwei and Lvgan Zhushiwei were significantly higher than those of Zhushiwei and Ciwei from the end of September to the first ten days of December. The polysaccharide contents of P. odoratum from Xupu, Xinhua, Anhua, Guiyang, Shaodong and Cili increased first and then decreased from August to December, reaching the peak from September to October. Regarding to the collected materials for different processing methods, the polysaccharide contents of the bark and fibrous root of P. odoratum were significantly lower than that of the rhizome; the content of polysaccharide in the rolled strips was significantly higher than those in the steamed, mechanically unhairing and untreated strips; and the polysaccharide content of dried P. odoratum slice was significantly higher than that of air dried P. odoratum slice. Therefore, in order to ensure the polysaccharide content of P. odoratum, it is optimal to harvest it inthe months from September to October at its 3-year-old; and for theprocessing procedures, it is better to remove the skin and fibrous roots of P. odoratum and process the strips of P. odoratum by kneading or drying.