沙地榆DSE真菌的分离鉴定和抑菌活性
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内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2021LHMS3001);赤峰学院重点实验室建设项目(CFXYZD202001);蒙东生物资源开发创新团队项目(cfxykycxtd202008)


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    摘要:

    为了研究沙地榆深色有隔内生真菌DSE(dark septate endophytes)的种类及抑菌作用,寻找潜在的可开发利用的生防菌,采用组织分离法从沙地榆分离DSE真菌,运用形态学与ITS测序方法进行鉴定,以常见病害灰霉病(灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea)、瓜类枯萎病(尖刀镰孢菌黄瓜转化型Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerinum)和炭疽病(胶孢炭疽菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)的病原菌为指示菌,采用对峙培养菌丝生长速率法测定其抑菌活性。结果表明:从沙地榆须根筛选到1株具有较高抑菌活性的DSE真菌(编号Upr105),该菌初期菌落呈白色绒毛状、稀疏、菌落背面呈浅橘色,随着菌落扩大加厚,背面渐呈亮橘色,后期菌落变为深褐色,培养后期菌落可形成不明显的“环形带”结构;显微特征为菌丝棕色、具隔膜,不形成有性或无性繁殖结构,显微形态呈形态各异的“念珠状”膨大细胞;根据形态学特征和rDNA????–ITS测序鉴定其为薄毛盘菌(Tricharina sp.)。抑菌试验结果发现,该菌对3种指示菌有不同程度的抑制作用,从接种第2天开始抑菌率逐渐上升,培养至第7天时对灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea、尖刀镰孢菌黄瓜专化型F. oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerinum和胶孢炭疽菌C. gloeosporioides 的抑菌率达到最大值,分别为68.6%、61.5% 和42.9%,对3种菌的平均抑菌率分别为52.8%、44.5%和22.8%,说明该菌株具有较强的抑菌活性,是枯萎病、灰霉病和青枯病防治的潜在生防菌。

    Abstract:

    In order to develop new and cultivable fungi isolates with biocontrol function, we performed isolation, identification and antagonism of special dark septate endophytes(DSE) from fibrous roots of Ulmus pumila by tissue isolation, morphology and ITS sequencing methods. Then the antagonism were tested by inhibition rates to the pathogens of common and important diseases such as fusarium wilt(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerinum), gray mold(Botrytis cinerea) and plant anthracnose(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)by mycelial growth rate assay. The results showed that one DSE fungi(Upr105) was obtained from Ulmus pumila root. The colony was white fluffy, sparse, and light orange in the back, as the colony expanded and thickened, the back gradually became bright orange, and then turned dark brown and formed an inconspicuous “ring band” structure in the later stage on the medium, characterized by brown hyphae with a septum, showing “candida” enlarged cells in different shapes and not having sexual or asexual structure under the microscope. It was identified as Tricharina sp according to morphology and ITS sequencing, which taxonomically belonged to Tricharina, Pyronemataceae and Pezizales. The results of the antagonism test found that this isolate had different levels of inhibitory effects on the three indicating isolates, at the second day after inoculation. The inhibitory rates to B. cinerea, F. oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerinum and C. gloeosporioides were gradually increasing and reached the highest level 68.6%, 61.5% and 42.9% until the seventh days on, with average inhibitory rate respectively 52.8%, 44.5% and 22.8%. The screened isolates featured separatable, cultivate characters, with high inhibition rates to the indicative isolates. These isolates could serve as potential developable biocontrol fungus on common plant diseases.

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田慧敏,王秀艳,李晓兰.沙地榆DSE真菌的分离鉴定和抑菌活性[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2022,48(4):.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-09-14
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