Potato cv. Xingjia No. 2 was cultivated in the winter fallow rice field with 5 mulching methods(white film mulching, white film mulching with covering soil, black film mulching, black film mulching with covering soil and straw mulching) to analyze the effects of different mulching methods on the growth, yield and tuber quality of potato. The results showed that potato cultivated with different mulching methods emerged earlier compared to the control(no mulching), and the emergence of seedlings of potato cultivated with white film mulching was the earliest, 17 days earlier than that in the control. Compared with the control, the plant height, SPAD and the number of main stems of plant with mulching cultivation were increased. The tuber yields with different mulching cultivation methods were significantly higher than that of the control, and the yield of white film mulching treatment was the highest(34.87 t/hm2). The yield of straw mulching treatment were significantly lower than those of other mulching treatments, the yield of white film mulching treatment was significantly higher than that of white film mulching with covering soil treatment, but there were no significant difference between black film mulching treatment and black film mulching with covering soil treatment. The dry matter content of tubers with different mulching methods ranged from 15.46% to 16.74%. The lowest green potato rates were 2.56% with black film mulching. The solanine contents of different treatments were 4.65 to 9.76 mg/100 g, and the solanine contents with the black film coverage was the lowest. The cadmium contents of tubers were 0.029 to 0.042 mg/kg, and cadmium content with white film mulching was the highest. The black film mulching cultivation and black film mulching with covering soil cultivation exhibited advantages with higher yields, lower rates of green tuber, lower solanine contents and lower cadmium contents, which were suitable for early spring potato cultivation in winter fallow rice field.