In order to understand the drug resistance of fecal Escherichia coli from Xiangxi cattle, anal swab samples of cattle were collected from six Xiangxi cattle farms of different scales in Huayuan County and Fenghuang County, the main production areas of Xiangxi cattle, and Escherichia coli was isolated and identified by maconkey medium and Escherichia coli specific primers; the sensitivity test of 18 kinds of common antibiotics in 5 categories was carried out on the isolated Escherichia coli by K-B method; 22 drug resistance genes of 7 classes of 16 strains of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli were detected by ultra-high throughput fluorescence quantitative PCR; multifocus sequence typing(MLST) of 16 isolates was carried out by 8 housekeeping genes of Escherichia coli, and ST cluster analysis and evolutionary tree analysis were carried out by goeBURST program and MEGA 7.0. The results showed that 170 strains of Escherichia coli were isolated and identified from 206 cattle anal swab samples; Escherichia coli isolated from cattle farms had high resistance to tetracycline, doxycycline, ampicillin, compound sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. The resistance rates of these five antibiotics in cattle farms with the highest resistance were 29.63%, 16.67%, 22.22%, 16.67% and 33.33%, respectively. There were 16 multi drug resistant bacteria and 8 drug resistance patterns. Six classes and eight kinds of drug resistance genes were detected, including acra-01(100.00%), fox5(81.25%), sul1(68.75%), sul2(75.00%), folA(100.00%), tetr-02(81.25%), inti-1(clinic)(68.75%) and tnpa-01(50.00%). A total of 11 ST types were obtained, and 9 new ST types were obtained. The 16 isolates were divided into 2 clonal groups and 7 haplotypes. All isolates were clustered into 2 groups, 2 branches and 7 branches, respectively. It could be concluded that the drug resistance of fecal Escherichia coli from cattle in Western Hunan was low. Multi drug resistant bacteria mainly appeared in large-scale farms and had a certain complexity. The monitoring of drug resistance of fecal Escherichia coli from large-scale cattle farms should be strengthened.