Using field experiment, we did the comparative analysis of three cultivation methods(full film double ridge and furrow planting, full film single ridge planting and full film flat planting) with four fertilizer levels(0, 600, 750, 900 kg/hm2 compound fertilizer) to investigate the effects of cultivation and fertilization on soil moisture and nutrient content in the 0-40 cm soil layer and the yield of Angelica sinensis. The results showed except for the 0-20 cm soil layer during the vigorous growth of the above-ground part of Angelica sinensis, the soil moisture content in the same layer of soil during the same period was the highest in the treatment of full film double ridge and furrow planting+fertilization 750 kg/hm2. The ammonium nitrogen mass fraction in the 0-40 cm soil layer was the highest in the two periods of Angelica sinensis with full film double ridge and furrow planting+fertilization 750 kg/hm2. The mass fractions of available phosphorus and available potassium were the highest in the 0-40 cm soil layer with full film double ridge and furrow planting+fertilization 900 kg/hm2 during the two periods of Angelica sinensis. The yield of Angelica sinensis was the highest under the treatment of full film double ridge and furrow planting+fertilization 750 kg/hm2. The cultivation methods significantly affected the soil water content in the soil layer 0-20 cm above the ground, the ammonium nitrogen mass fraction in the soil layer >20-40 cm above the ground and the yield of Angelica sinensis. Fertilization had very significant or significant effect on soil nutrients of Angelica sinensis in two periods. Cultivation methods and film mulching greatly affected the yield of Angelica sinensis. Full film double ridge and furrow planting+fertilization 750 kg/hm2 could effectively increase the soil moisture content of 0-40 cm, promote nutrient absorption and improve the yield of Angelica sinensis. We found that the cultivation mode of full film double ridge and furrow planting+fertilization 750 kg/hm2 can be popularized in the Angelica sinensis thoroughbred production area of Gansu Province.