In order to study the flowering phenology and reproductive characteristics of Primula obconica, this study used Primula obconica as a material to collect the flower characteristics and flowering number, the estimation of the hybridization index OCI, and the hybrid bag test to study the flowering phenology and reproductive characteristics of Primula obconica. Conclusion: The diameter of Primula obconica style long flower (0.79 cm) was significantly larger than that of the short style(0.67 cm). The long stigma height and anther height were 0.82 cm and 0.41 cm, while the short stigma height and anther height were 0.43 cm and 0.88 cm. The performance of the long and short style interactive ectopic. The petals of long and short styles showed different forms. The flowering cycle of single flower was 10-16 days, while the flowering of single flower in flowering period can reach more than 20, the flowering period of long flowering column lasted for 10 days, and the initial flowering period lasted for 5 days and then entered full bloom period. The short flowering period lasted for 9 days, and the initial flowering period lasted for 4 days and then enters the flowering period. The Primula obconica OCI value was 4, the breeding system was outcrossed, part of the self-compatible but pollinator needs. The hybrid bag test showed P×T, T×P pollination combination pollen showed affinity with stigma, and the seed setting rate was 100% and 74%, respectively. P1×P1, P×P pollination combination pollen and stigma showed more affinity, and the seed setting rate was 28% and 46%, respectively. T1×T1, T×T pollination combination pollen and stigma showed incompatibility, and the seed setting rate was 2% and 6%, respectively. The results showed that Primula obconica is a typical type II style with self-incompatibility and a certain affinity.