In order to solve the substrate breakage problem caused by the strong adhesive force due to the large contact area between bowl seedling substrate bowl tray, which have an effect on bowl seedlings quality , the existing tray for rape bowl seedlings was designed as a operable bowl holes movable tray, which was composed of a toothed side plate, a rectangular side plate, a torsion spring and a supporting shaft. The movable tray opening process and side plat force condition were simulated by Adams software. The peak force of rectangular side plate and toothed side plate was 4.28 N and 9.22 N respectively, and the displacement interval of the peak force was 25 mm. Finally, the tray opening process force test was carried on the universal material mechanics experiment machine. The results showed that the peak force of rectangular side plate and toothed side plate was 4.72 N and 9.96 N, respectively, and the displacement interval of the peak force was 24.3mm and the displacement error was 2.8%. It is found that there is a same variation trend of peak force with the synchronized opening process for simulation and experiment. The movable tray opening process is consistent with the design goal and the side plates can be opened in order.