In order to determine the groove shape, groove hole helix angle and groove wheel working speed, the performance of direct seeding slot of rice bud seeder with with semicircular, V–shape, trapezoidal and hook–shape was simulated by EDEM and testified by bench test. The results show that when the slot groove shape is a hook–spoon–shaped slot, the spiral angle of the slot is 13.46°, and the working speed of the slot wheel is 21.09 r/min, the pass rate of the seed–metering device is 96.37%, the pass rate of the point number is 95.43%, and the shoot rate is 6.54%, which can meet the requirements of agriculture.