A large peanut variety Xianghua2008 was used as the material, and six treatments (A, film mulching + drilling sowing + shading; B, film mulching + drilling sowing; C, film mulching + shading; D, film mulching; E, open field sowing + shading; CK, open field sowing) were conducted to study the effects of different cultivation methods on diurnal variation and seasonal variation of soil temperature, emergence rate and agronomic traits, yield and quality of autumn peanuts. The results showed that the seedling emergence rates of A, E, and CK treatments were 81.9%, 90.4% and 85.7% respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the other treatments. During the podding and full–fruiting stages, A treatment had a significantly higher temperature at ridge surface and soil depths of 5 and 10 cm than CK. The temperatures at 5 cm and 10 cm soil depth of A treatment were 1.1–1.6 ℃ and 1.1–1.9 ℃ higher than those of CK respectively in the daytime and 0.7–1.4 ℃ and 1.1–2.0 ℃ higher in the night. Compared with CK, the main stem height and side branches length under film mulching + drilling sowing + shading treatment were significantly higher at the maturity stage. The number of pods , the full fruit pods number and the yield were 38.4%, 113.5% and 15.2% higher than those of CK, and the fat content and oleic acid content in kernel were higher than those of CK, and the reproduction coefficient in autumn was 15.8. By comprehensive analysis, the cultivation method of film mulching + drilling sowing + shading was a suitable mode for autumn peanut in Hunan Province.