Taking rice varieties Zhongjiazao17 and Xiangwanxian12 as early rice and late rice material respectively, four treatments (chickens raising in the field in winter (chickens for short), biochar application in winter (biochar), the combination of chickens raising and biochar application in winter (chickens & biochar for short) and winter fallow (as control)) were conducted to study the effects of winter fertilization on the growth and yield of double-cropping rice and the nutrients changes of paddy soil. The results showed that compared with the control, the treatment of biochar reduced the tiller number of early rice slightly and increased significantly the tiller number of late rice in each growth stage. Both treatments of chickens and chickens & biochar increased the total number of tillers, leaf area index, dry matter and rice yield components in most of the growth period of double cropping rice. The yield of double cropping rice of the both treatments obtained 8.3%–19.1% increase, which was significant higher than that of the control. Moreover, the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium in the soil of biochar & chickens were increased at harvest time of late rice. The results of comprehensive analysis showed that biochar application combined with chickens raising in paddy field in winter is a mode of winter fallow field utilization that can improve both rice yield and soil quality.