In order to enrich the contents of embryology research on Barnardia japonica, the megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis and development of female and male gametophytes were studied by means of paraffin–embedded sectioning technique. The results show that each floret of inflorescence usually has six stamens, and each anther has four chambers. The development of the anther wall, which is formed by epidermis, endothecium, tapetum and two middle layers, belongs to a dicotyledonous type, and the tapetum is glandular type. Microspore cytokinesis of mother cell is continuously split twice and resulted in medianly zygomorphic tetrad and tetrahedral tetrad. Mature pollen grain is 2-cell type. The pistil of Barnardia japonicais consisted of three carpels, and the ovary has three locules. Ovules are anatropous on axile placenta, bitegminous and crassinucellate. The development of embryo sac is classified as endymion type, and the mature embryo sac has seven cells and eight nuclei.