Seven legume species(Vigna radiate(VR), Vigna umbellatebn(VU), Vigna cylindrica Skeels(VCS), Crotalaria assamica(CA), Aeschynomene indica(AI), Senna occidentalis(SO), Cassia tora (CT)) were cultivated in fields and in pots and their growing characters, yields, efficiency of dry matter accumulation were recorded. Photosynthetic characteristic parameters of leaves, weight of root nodule, content of nutrients such as N, P, K, Fe and Zn in the plants were measured in the full bloom stage. The results showed that although the germplasms are taproot systems, the lateral roots are developed and have more nodule. The weight of root nodules were 17.5%–32.5% of the underground part. AI has even pinnately compound leaves and SO are even long oval. The leaves of CA and CT are inverted lanceolate, and the other germplasms have lanceolate leaves . The leaves of CA are alternate and those of the other germplasms are opposite. All legume species have racemes and light yellow butterfly flowers. CA has infinite podding and the others have limited podding. VCS had the highest efficiency on photosynthetic (23.1 μmol/(m2?s)) and dry matter accumulation (57.0 kg/(hm2?d)). SO had the highest on seed yield, the weight of fresh and dry plant, capacity of accumulating nutrients such as N, P and Fe. However, CA had the greatest on capacity of K enrichment. AI had the highest on capacity of Zn enrichment. In comprehensive consideration of photosynthetic efficiency, yield, capacity of enriching nutrients and growth stage, four germplasms were optimum for Anhui area. They were VCS, SO, CA and AI.