施氮量和氮肥运筹模式对糯稻养分吸收积累和氮肥利用率的影响
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四川省科学技术厅科技支撑计划项目(2014NZ0128);四川省农科院中试熟化(大竹院县合作)项目;西南水稻创新体系建设项目


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    摘要:

    以渝香糯1号为材料,设0、120、180 kg/hm2 3个施氮水平(分别记为N0、N120、N180),2种氮肥运筹模式(基肥与蘖肥的质量比为70%∶30%(A)和基肥、蘖肥与穗肥的质量比为50%∶20%∶30%(B)),于2014年在四川德阳进行施氮量和氮肥运筹模式对糯稻养分吸收积累及氮肥利用率影响的大田试验。结果表明:不同施氮量处理对糯稻氮、磷、钾的吸收量影响显著;采用B种模式,糯稻的氮、磷、钾吸收量均较A种模式的小;与A种模式相比,采用B种模式每生产1 000 kg稻谷,氮、磷、钾需要量分别降低14.1%、10.2%、7.8%;随着施氮量增加,产量呈增加趋势,但氮肥利用率呈下降趋势,不同氮肥运筹模式间糯稻氮肥利用率差异不显著。综合试验结果,糯稻的适宜施氮量为120 kg/hm2,氮肥运筹模式以基肥、蘖肥与穗肥的质量比50%∶20%∶30%为佳。

    Abstract:

    An inbred glutinous rice of Yuxiangnuo 1 was used as experimental material, three nitrogen rates (N0, 0 kg/hm2; N120, 120 kg/hm2; N180, 180 kg/hm2) and two nitrogen application patterns (pattern A: 70% was applied as basal fertilizer and 30% in early tillering stage; pattern B: 50% N as basal fertilizer, 20% and 30% in early tillering and panicle initiation stage respectively) were designed to study the effect of nitrogen rates and nitrogen application patterns on nutrient accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency of glutinous rice. The results showed that: There was significantly difference in uptakes of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) of glutinous rice among different nitrogen rate treatments. The uptakes of N, P, K of pattern B were less than those of pattern A. The demands of N, P, K per 1 000 kg grains of pattern B were 14.1%, 10.2% and 7.8% lower than those of pattern A , respectively. Grain yield of glutinous rice increased with N application rate increasing, while N use efficiency decreased with N application rate increasing. There was not significantly difference in N use efficiency of glutinous rice between pattern A and B . The results suggest that the N application rate of 120 kg/hm2 with B nitrogen application pattern is the optimal choice for glutinous rice production.

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蒋鹏,熊洪,朱永川,张林,周兴兵,刘茂,郭晓艺,徐富贤.施氮量和氮肥运筹模式对糯稻养分吸收积累和氮肥利用率的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2016,42(4):.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-07-19
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