The Volatile components in fresh twigs samples of Michelia martini Levl. in four seasons were extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS). The results showed that total volatile components identified were 77 compounds, which 34, 35, 34 and 35 compounds were from spring, summer, autumn and winter fresh twigs respectively. In these samples, the common components were three terpenes compounds such as Camphene, Eudesma–4(14), 11–diene and gamma–Cadinene, and two alcohols of Eucalyptol and Eudesm–4(14)–ene–11–alcohol. The relative content of three terpenes in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 8.41%, 17.21%, 14.9% and 2.69%, respectively and the relative content of two kinds of alcohols correspondingly were 16.59% and 17.62%, 18.89% and 9.7%.