栽培模式对马铃薯植株镉积累和产量及品质的影响
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国家公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201203096);国家马铃薯产业技术体系(CARS–10–P19);湖南省镉低积累农作物品种筛选与选育项目


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    摘要:

    以马铃薯费乌瑞它为材料,设水稻?马铃薯轮作氮零栽培模式(RP–N0)、水稻?马铃薯轮作传统栽培模式(RP–T)、水稻?马铃薯轮作高产栽培模式(RP–H)、水稻–马铃薯轮作超高产栽培模式(RP–SH)、玉米–马铃薯轮作高产栽培模式(MP–H) 5个处理,研究了不同栽培模式对马铃薯植株镉积累和产量以及品质的影响。结果表明,同一处理不同时期马铃薯植株叶片的镉含量4.23~5.52 mg/kg,茎的镉含量4.85~5.02 mg/kg,显著高于块茎的镉含量(0.34~0.39 mg/kg);马铃薯茎叶的镉生物富集系数为10.15~13.25,显著高于块茎生物富集系数的(0.82~0.92);不同栽培模式的马铃薯产量和商品薯率以RP–N0处理的最低,为11.12 t/hm2和71%,显著低于其他4个处理的产量及商品薯率,以MP–H处理的产量最高,达42.07 t/hm2,淀粉含量以RP–N0最高(11.55 g/(100 g));马铃薯块茎的镉含量与土壤pH呈负相关(r= –0.65),块茎的镉生物富集指数与土壤pH呈显著负相关(r= –0.81)。

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    Effects of different cultivation patterns on cadmium accumulation in plant, tuber yield and quality were studied in this paper. Potato cultivar ‘Favorita’ was planted in five cultivation patterns including none Nitrogen pattenm. traditional pattern, high yield pattern and super high yield pattern in potato-rice rotation systems and high yield pattern in potato-maize rotation systems. The cadmium concentrations of leaves and stems were between 4.23 to 5.52 and 4.85–5.02 mg/kg respectively, exhibiting significantly higher than those of tubers (0.34–0.39 mg/kg). Bioconcentration factors(BCF) of Cd in stems and leaves were between 10.15 to 13.25, exhibiting significantly higher than those of tubers (0.82–0.92). The total yield and marketable tuber rate of RP–N0 pattern showed the lowest values, with 11.12 ton per hectare and 71 percent respectively, exhibiting significantly lower than those of other patterns. The total yield of MP–H pattern was the highest, with 42.07 ton per hectare. The dry matter and starch content of RP–N0 pattern showed the highest values, with 19.02 and 11.55 percent respectively. The total tuber yields and pH of cultivated soils differed in different cultivation patterns. The cadmium concentrations of tubers of different cultivation patterns showed a negative correlation with pH of the cultivated soils (r= –0.65). BCF of Cd in tuber exhibited significant positive correlations with pH of the cultivated soils(r= –0.88).

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陈哲明,罗宇,刘明月,曹樑,熊兴耀,胡新喜.栽培模式对马铃薯植株镉积累和产量及品质的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2016,42(3):.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-06-01
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