The baling mechanism is designed for the Self-manufactured small crawler self-propelled cotton harvest device, to solve the cotton stalk baling problem after mechanical pull-out in southern hilly region. Selecting the JX013 cotton as material, the single factor and multi-factor orthogonal on the basis of the main factors test was used to investigate the influence of the spike-tooth drum rotational speed, the drawing roller speed, the saw blade rotation speed, and the compression frequency on the total number of balingthe bundles rate, and the bale density. The results showed that when the spike-tooth drum rotational speed is 270 r/min, the drawing roller speed is 280 r/min, the saw blade rotation speed is 1 100 r/min, and the compression frequency is 30 time/min, it could ball 201 bales per hour. The bundles rate was 99.45% and the bale density to 19.57 kg/m3, which meet the cotton baling industry standards.