In order to solve the problems of poor stem pulling and transport, stump cutting instability and inconvenient operation for 4YBG–1 tobacco stem pulling machine in the southern tobacco region operation process, a stem pulling and stump cutting device was designed. The device was hung on the front of the tractor, and the single factors and multi-factor orthogonal experiments were carried out on the factors that influence tobacco stem pulling off rate, tobacco stem leakage decannulation rate and tobacco stem stump cutting rate including the velocity of double clamping and conveying chain, advancing velocity of tractor and clamping gap by using HZ07–11 tobacco stem as the test materials. The results of single factor experiments showed that stem pulling and stump cutting operation could be completed when the velocity of double clamping and conveying chain was 0.8–1.1 m/s, advancing velocity of tractor was 0.5–0.6 m/s, clamping gap was 9–15 mm. The results of multi-factor orthogonal experiments showed that clamping gap had the biggest influence on the tobacco stem pulling off rate, tobacco stem leakage decannulation rate and tobacco stem stump cutting rate, followed by velocity of double clamping and conveying chain, advancing velocity of tractor. The optimal combination of realizing stem pulling and stump cutting operation is that the velocity of double clamping and conveying chain is 0.8 m/s, advancing velocity of tractor is 0.6 m/s, clamping gap is 12 mm. When the device operated under the optimal conditions, the tobacco stem pulling off rate, tobacco stem leakage decannulation rate and tobacco stem stump cutting rate are 0, 5% and 95%, respectively.