In this paper, middle and upper cigar wrapper tobacco leavers were taken as material, and the change regularity of plastid pigment and its degradation product during maturation were studied. The results showed that during cigar wrapper maturation process, the chlorophyll content of middle leaves decreased 31.8% and the carotenoid content decreased 8.5%. The chlorophyll content and carotenoid content of the upper leaves were decreased by 31.6% and 24%, respectively. With the passage of the harvest period, chlorophyll degradation products of neophytadiene content first increased and then decreased. For middle leaves, neophytadiene content of leaves harvested in 32 d after topping is the highest; and for upper leaves, neophytadiene content of leaves harvested in 44 d after topping is the highest. The content of damascenone, dihydroacti-nidiolide，megastigmatrienone and farnesylacetone was high in the degradation products of carotenoids. For middle leaves, content of several major degradation product of the carotenoid from the leaves harvested 32 d after topping is the highest; for upper leaves, the contents of the major degradation products from leaves harvested 44 d after topping were the highest except β–damascenone and 3–Hydroxy–β–damascone which from leaves harvested 50 d after topping were the highest.