To investigate the relationship between chemical components, nutrient elements and sensory quality in tobacco leaves from different ecological regions, we determined the chemical components and nutrient element and analyzed the sensory quality of all the 72 C3F tobacco leaf samples from the 8 base units (Hunan, Henan, Yunnan, Fujian, Guizhou and Sichuan) of China Tobacco GuiZhou Industrial Co.Ltd.. The results show that there were significant differences in chemical components of tobacco leaves between different ecological regions. The total sugar and reducing sugar contents of delicate fragrance type, deflecting middle to delicate fragrance type and middle flavor type tobacco were significantly higher than those of concentrated fragrance type tobacco. The ratio of the reducing sugar contents to total sugar of concentrated fragrance type tobacco was significantly higher than that of the delicate fragrance type, deflecting middle to delicate fragrance type and middle flavor type tobacco, while the total nitrogen, the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine and the ratio of sugar to nicotine were lower than those of the delicate fragrance type, deflecting middle to delicate fragrance and middle flavor type tobacco. The nutrient element of tobacco leaves in different ecological regions showed significant differences; the iron content of tobacco leaf in Weining, Guizhou was unusually high, zinc content in Chenzhou, Hunan and Sanming, Fujian was abnormally high, manganese and chlorine content in Pingdingshan, Henan was also unusually high, copper and chlorine in Baoshan, Yunnan was high, which was related to the falling quality of these tobaccos by sensory evaluation. The multiple regression equation established using the index system of sensory evaluation showed that the ratio of reducing sugar to total sugar, the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine and nicotine content were the chemical index of tobacco leaves greatly associated with sensory quality evaluation index, followed by the ratio of sugar to nicotine and chlorine ion content.