Pollination is an important part during hybrid rice seed production. Uniform and sufficient pollination has significant meaning for improving seed setting rate and seed production. To study the effect of pollen distribution bypneumatic and collision combined pollinationon hybrid rice breeding, a pneumatic and collision combined pollination test apparatus was designed by introducingthe air waft mechanismto the collision pollinationtest device. By using the jet pipe placed relative percentage, airflow velocity of nozzle, airflow tilt angle, nozzle diameter, nozzle hole center distance as influence factors, five factors and four levels of multi-factor orthogonal experiment were performed to validate the effect of various factors on pollination uniformity. Using effective distribution area ratio, mean density and non-uniform degree of pollen distribution as three evaluation indexs, analyzing the test results by range analysis, variance analysis and matrix analysis. The order of the five influence factors is airflow speed, relative position of jet pipe placed, center distanceof nozzle hole, airflow inclined angle, nozzle hole diameter, respectively. The optimal combination of the factors forpneumatic and collision combined pollination in hybrid rice breeding areairflow speed of 6 m/s, jet pipe placed above collision rod of 10 cm, nozzle hole’ center distance of 25 mm, airflow inclined angle up to 20°, and nozzle hole diameter of 8 mm. Compared with single pneumatic pollination and single collision pollination, the combined pollination obviously improve the effective distribution area ratio of the pollens as well as a significant reduction in the degree of uneven distribution of pollen and the better propagation characteristics of pollens.