北虫草培养基添加量对酱油制曲及酶活性的影响
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中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(DL11CA01);哈尔滨市科技创新人才研究专项基金项目(RC2012QN002074);黑龙江省教育厅科学技术项目(12513038);黑龙江省基金面上项目 (E201148);东北林业大学国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(201218A3)


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    摘要:

    在酱油发酵基料(由40 g豆粕和60 g麸皮配制而成)中分别添加5、10、15、20 g北虫草培养基(分别称其为处理1、处理2、处理3、处理4),以不添加北虫草培养基的处理为对照,研究其对酱油制曲及对蛋白酶、淀粉酶、亮氨酸氨肽酶、纤维素酶活性的影响;采用血球计数板法检测种曲孢子数,观察种曲的感官变化。结果表明:1)各处理中,处理2种曲的孢子数最多,孢子生长能力旺盛,制曲48 h时曲料蓬松,菌丝丰满,米曲霉孢子为淡黄色,制曲54 h时蓬松的曲料中长出黄绿色丰满的成熟米曲霉孢子;2)制曲过程中,蛋白酶、淀粉酶、亮氨酸氨肽酶、纤维素酶活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势,酸性蛋白酶活性在制曲42 h出现峰值,其余各酶的活性均在制曲48 h出现峰值;3)除亮氨酸氨肽酶酶活性各处理间与对照间的差异无统计学意义外,处理组中中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、酸性蛋白酶、淀粉酶及纤维素酶的酶活性均高于对照,在酶活高峰时,处理2的酶活性均显著高于对照组及其他处理组(P<0.05)。综上可见,在制曲过程中添加北虫草培养基,可显著提高米曲霉沪酿3.042制曲的质量,提高其酶活性,且以处理2的制曲效果较好,酶活性最高。

    Abstract:

    Effects of respective adding 5, 10, 15, 20 g of Cordyceps militaris culture medium ( named sample 1, sample 2, sample 3, sample 4) into soy sauce fermentation on soy sauce koji-making and activities of protease, amylase, leucine aminopeptidase and cellulase were studied by adopting none Cordyceps militaris culture medium addition as control. The number of spore in mouldstarter was measured using hemocytometer, and sensory changes were observed as well. Results indicated that: 1) In sample 2, the number of spore was the most and appeared vigorous. Plump hypha was overgrown on fluffy basic material and Aspergillus oryzae spores appeared at light yellow at 48 h, mature Aspergillus oryzae spores with yellow-green color sprout from fluffy basic material at 54 h. 2) Activities of protease, amylase, leucine aminopeptidase and cellulase in the process increased at first and then declined after it reached maximum. Activities of enzymes reached their peak at 48 h, while, that of acid protease reached its peak at 42 h. 3) Activities of neutral protease, alkaline protease, acid protease, amylase and cellulase in samples were higher than those in control, and those in sample 2 were significantly higher than those in other samples (P<0.05), while there was no statistical significance for activity of leucine aminopeptidase between in samples and in control. Therefore, adding Cordyceps militaris culture medium into soy sauce fermentation could improve quality of soy sauce koji and activities of enzymes, and they reached the highest in sample 2. The results could provide a reference for the production of soy sauce with Cordyceps militaris.

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.北虫草培养基添加量对酱油制曲及酶活性的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,41(3):.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-05-29
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