Field and pot experiment were conducted during 2011–2013 to evaluate green manure of 53 germplasm resources of Sesbania sesban whether they had the possibility of popularizing in Anhui province. Characters of the 53 varieties including roots, stems, leaves, flowers, pods, seeds, yields and efficiency of dry matter accumulation were recorded, as well as their growth characters in full-bloom stage, including photosynthetic efficiency of leaves, weight of root nodule and nutrients’ content, such as N, P and K in plants. The results showed that early-mature varieties have a whole growth period of three months and late-mature varieties have seven months. Early-mature varieties had higher photosynthetic efficiency and dry matter accumulation efficiency. While, late-mature varieties had greater total mass of dry matter accumulation. The variety with the highest both in photosynthetic efficiency and in dry matter accumulation efficiency was Yanjingjiao No.1 S. sesban, while variety with the maximum root nodule was Luzao S. sesban, and the weight of root nodule was 24.1% of the total underground. In addition, the variety also had the highest seed yield. Sanya S. sesban had the highest yield in fresh and dry weight, as well as in the ability of nitrogen fixation and the enrichment of P, K. In general, based on the comprehensive consideration from photosynthetic efficiency, yield, capacity of nutrient accumulation and growth stages, four optimum varieties were appropriate for popularizing in Anhui region, they were Yanjingjiao No.1 S. sesban, Qingfeng S. sesban, Sanya S. sesban, and Luzao S. sesban.