This study was carried out to investigate soil nutrition status and fruit quality of navel orange orchards located at different latitudinal regions in Hunan province. Nutrient content in soil, leaves and fruits, and fruit quality were analyzed from six Newhall navel orange orchards. The results showed that five out of six orchards exhibited soil acidification, where soil pH varied from 3.81 to 5.14. In the six orchards, soil organic matter, available boron (B) and available molybdenum (Mo) were in an optimum range. Alkali hydrolysable nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), available potassium (K) and available Fe in soil, however, were deficient due to trees’ absorption and little supplements. Soil exchangeable Ca, Mg, and available Cu, Zn exhibited deficient because of their absolute shortage in background. In all six orchards, N, P and K content were in an optimum level in leaves, but Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn were deficient. Meanwhile, N, P and K content in leaves exhibited an increase tendency from north to south, so did for fruit quality indexes. Fruits picked from orchard F (E111°15′31.71″, N25°15′35.89″) had the highest sugar acid ratio, which was 17.78, while, the value picked from orchard A was just 8.96 (E111°27′19.59″, N 29°27′42.77″). N and K content in fruits also exhibited an increase tendency from north to south, while, P content in fruit was in a low level and had no obvious variation. In addition, there was a significant linear correlation of Ca between soil and leaf with the correlation coefficient of 0.68; Mo content in soil and leaf also showed a significant linear correlation with the correlation coefficient of 0.62; the same to K content between leaves and fruits with the correlation coefficient of 0.85. However, there were no obvious correlation for other nutrients among soil, leaf and fruit.