The rapid propagation system was established using the spike of Miscanthus sinensis as material through explants sterilization, adventitious bud differentiation and multiplication, rooting and transplanting acclimation. The results showed that the optimal medium for callus induction was MS+ 4.0 mg/L 2,4–D + 1.0 mg/L 6–BA + 0.5 mg/L CuSO4, with which the induction frequency reached 99.33%. Best adventitious bud differentiation and multiplying medium was MS+ 1.0 mg/L 6–BA + 0.4 mg/L NAA + 0.4 mg/L IAA and MS+ 3.0 mg/L 6–BA + 1.5 mg/L PP333 + 1.0 mg/L CCC, with which the differentiation rate was 96% and the multiplying coefficient was 9.1. The best medium for rooting induction was MS+ 0.5 mg/L IAA + 0.5 mg/L NAA + 0.5 mg/L CCC + 0.5 mg/L PP333, with which the rooting rate was 100%. The regenerated plantlets grew well on the matrix consisting of loess and nutrition soil, and the survival rate was as high as 95%.