An investigation of the main industrial pollution sources was carried out around the WU River. CODCr, NH4–N, TP and other typical water quality parameters were selected based on the characteristics of water quality of the WU River and single-factor evaluation method was adopted to analyze and evaluate the quality of the water samples which were collected from the four main river cross sections of the WU River Baiyun reservoir, which is Changpuzhen, Hongjiang District Waterworks, Daqiaotou respectively. The results showed the water quality of the river was better overall, the value of CODCr，NH4–N were up to the relevant standard. However, the value of TP was higher than that of standard limitation sometimes on some river cross sections. Industrial pollution sources are mainly distributed in the basin upstream and the water quality of upstream is inferior to downstream. Among the many sources of pollution, the influence of paper-making enterprises, sewage treatment plant, chemical and mining enterprises to the water quality increased and their contribution rates of CODCr in water were 74.9%, 24.4%, 0.7% respectively. From 2007 to 2011, the value of CODCr in four main river cross sections increaed year by year, while, the content of NH4–N showed a not obvious downward trend. The content of TP in Daqiaotou section fluctuated among 0.04–0.27 mg/L, the other section maintained 0.05 mg/L stably.