Two hundred and forty 1-day-old female Linwu ducks were distributed randomly into 4 groups: control group, fed with basal diet+0.15% lysine; antibiotic group, fed with basal diet+0.15% lysine+150 mg/kg Aureomycin; experiment groupⅠ and Ⅱ, fed with basal diet containing 5.0×108 CFU/kg and 5.0×1010 CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis PL83, respectively. Each group was divided into 3 replicates with 20 ducks in each replicate. Growth performance and serum biochemical parameters were detected after 28 days of feeding. The results showed that compared with control group, average daily gain of ducks increased, feed intake/weight gain ratio decreased, mortality extremely significantly reduced, and net income increased by ￥ 0.53 and ￥ 0.60 per duck respectively in experiment groupⅠand Ⅱ, indicating the growth promoting and disease combating effects of dietary supplemented with Bacillus subtilis PL83 were better than dietary supplemented with lysine additive. Compared with experiment groupⅠ, ducks in experiment group Ⅱ showed slightly increased average daily gain, slightly decreased feed intake/weight gain ratio and mortality, indicating dietary supplemented with high dosage (5.0×1010 CFU/kg) of Bacillus subtilis PL83 could be better. Compared with antibiotic group, mortality of ducks in experiment group Ⅱ reduced, while net income increased, indicating the effects of dietary supplemented with high dosage of Bacillus subtilis PL83 were better than dietary supplemented with antibiotic additive. There was significant difference in high density lipoprotein (HDL) and urea nitrogen (UN) of ducks between experiment group Ⅱ and the control and antibiotic groups. HDL of ducks in experiment groupⅠ increased significantly while UN decreased significantly compared to control and antibiotic groups. Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of ducks in experiment group Ⅱwere slightly higher than those in the other 3 groups, while malondialdehye (MDA) were slightly lower compared to the other 3 groups. Glutamic acid of ducks in experiment groupⅠand Ⅱwas higher than that in control and antibiotic group. These results indicated supplementation of Bacillus subtilis PL83 on could balance the contents of amino acids and increase the anti-stress and anti-oxidant activity of ducks.