Based on pot experiment, Aglaonema modestum Schott was treated under the temperature of 25(control), 30, 35, 40, 45 ℃ respectively for 8 d and then in normal temperature (25 ℃) for 3 d. The changes of relative permeability of plasma membrane, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, peroxidase (POD) activities and soluble sugar content of Aglaonema modestum Schott leaves collected on day 2, 4, 6, 8 and 11 were tested. The results indicated that the relative permeability of plasma membrane kept relatively steady in 35 ℃ and increased with the time under 40 ℃ and 45 ℃ high temperature stress, the most increase could be up to 72.62%; MDA content increased obviously with the temperature at the earlier stage of stress and did not decline after the temperature restored to room level for 3 d at those treatments in which the temperature was above 35 ℃; POD activities increased at the earlier stage of stress in the treatments of the temperature was higher than 35 ℃, and then declined after 6 days later, and the higher the temperature, the greater the change of POD activities in all treatments, and POD activities kept decreasing under the temperature restored to room level for 3 d among the treatments in which the temperature was above 40 ℃ stress; soluble sugar content increased obviously at the earlier stage of stress and reached a peak at the middle stage, and then declined at the temperature restored to room level for 3 d among the treatments which the temperature was above 35 ℃ stress.