Hypocotyls of Sichuan yellow seed of Brassica juncea was used as explants to establish an efficient genetic transformation system by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Different combinations of hormone and silver nitrate for callus induction, bud differentiation and root culture were optimized. The results showed that 100% callus regeneration rate was observed with pre-culture medium containing only 1.0 mg/L of 2,4D; shoot regeneration rate was 28.33% and the average number of bud bundles was 1.73 when using the differentiation medium with 3.0 mg/L 6-BA and 5.0 mg/L AgNO3; the shoot begins to root with 100% rooting rate 11 days after culturing on rooting medium with 2.5 mg/L IBA and 0.05 mg/L NAA. The transformant resistant positive rate was 23.80% as determined by PCR detection and GUS staining, which illustrated the feasibility of this Biassica juncea genetic transformation system.