To enrich the information of the characteristic prosperities, evaluate the effect of breed conservation and make effective conservation measures for Fengjing and Xiaomeishan pigs, a total of 30 microsatellite markers co-recommended by the International Society of Animal Genetics (ISAG) and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) were used to analyze the genetic diversity of these two breeds. The results showed that genetic parameters ne, PIC, He, R for Fengjing pigs were (3.012 9±0.875 5), (0.568 4±0.161 8), (0.635 6±0.157 3), (4.266 7±1.337 4), respectively. All of the genetic diversity parameters of Xiaomeishan pigs except na and R were less than those of Fengjing pigs. Fst and D between the two breeds were 0.005 3 and 0.008 7, respectively. The results indicated that Fengjing and Xiaomeishan pigs showed rich genetic diversity, little genetic differentiation and heterozygote excess, indicating pure breeding should be strengthened in the future.