The essential oil was extracted from Trollius chinensis Bunge by methods of steam distillation extraction and simultaneous distillation extraction respectively. The constituents of essential oil were isolated and identified by GCMS, the content of each component was calculated according to internal standard, and the essential oil obtained by the two different extraction methods were both applied in cigarette flavoring. The results showed that the yield ratio of essential oil from Trollius chinensis Bunge by steam distillation extraction was 0.124%( No.1),while by simultaneous distillation extraction 0.517% ( No.2).There were 26 kinds of compounds extracted by steam distillation extraction, and 67 kinds of compounds by simultaneous distillation extraction, among these compounds, 22 kinds of compounds were the same. The primary chemical components were higher fatty acids, higher alkanes, esters and alcohols, etc. Addition of 0.005 to 0.015 g essential oil obtained by steam distillation extraction or 0.005 to 0.010 g essential oil obtained by simultaneous distillation extraction to 100 g cigarette could augment and enhance the aroma and taste of smoking tobacco and reduce irritancy of the smoking cigarette, and essential oil extracted by simultaneous distillation could better improve the aroma property of tobacco. .