有机肥对水稻产量、品质及氮肥利用率的影响
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Effects of Organic Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Rice Grains and Nitrogen Use Efficiency
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    摘要:

    采用田间小区试验,研究不同有机肥对水稻产量、品质和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,施20%猪粪代替20%的化学氮肥处理、施10%的猪粪型生物有机肥代替10%的化学氮肥处理和施20%沼肥代替20%的化学氮肥处理的水稻产量较高,分别较不施肥处理提高了103.49%、81.62%和74.64%,分别较纯化肥处理提高了38.67%、23.77%和19.02%。氮肥利用效率以20%猪粪型生物有机肥代替20%的化学氮肥处理最高,达到了32.64%,比纯化肥处理高了2.66%,且20%猪粪代替20%的化学氮肥处理与10%猪粪型生物有机肥代替10%的化学氮肥处理均比纯化肥处理高,分别高了1.12%和1.04%。由此可知,有机肥能提高水稻的产量和氮肥利用效率。10%的稻草代替10%的化学氮肥处理、20%的猪粪代替20%的化学氮肥处理、10%的猪粪型生物有机肥处理代替10%的化学氮肥处理、30%猪粪型生物有机肥代替30%化学氮肥处理和20%沼肥代替20%的化学氮肥处理与纯化肥处理比较可降低稻米的垩白度,处理20%的猪粪代替20%的化学氮肥处理、20%的猪粪型生物有机肥处理代替20%的化学氮肥处理、10%的猪粪型生物有机肥处理代替10%的化学氮肥处理、30%的猪粪型生物有机肥处理代替30%的化学氮肥处理和20%沼肥代替20%的化学氮肥处理与纯化肥处理比较可提高稻米的胶稠度,10%的稻草代替10%的化学氮肥处理能降低直链淀粉的含量,表明有机肥能提高稻米的外观品质和蒸煮品质。

    Abstract:

    A field plot experiment was carried to study effect of organic fertilizers on yield and quality of rice grains and nitrogen use efficiency.The results showed that, the rice yield is much higher under the facility treatments of 20% pig manure and 10% pig manure decomposed organic fertilizer and 20% biogas fertilizer instead of pure fertilizer treatments. Compared with CK treatments the rice yield respectively increased by 103.49%, 81.62% and 74.64% under the three treatments and increased by 38.67%, 23.77% and 19.02% than the pure fertilizer treatments. The 20% pig manure decomposed organic fertilizer instead of 20% nitrogen fertilizer had the highest Nitrogen use efficiency of 32.64% which was 2.66% higher than pure chemical fertilizer. The 20% pig manure and 10% pig manure organic fertilizer decomposed were both higher than the pure fertilizer treatments with the growth of 1.12% and 1.04%. According to the results, we can see that organic fertilizer can increase the rice yield and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency. Compared with pure fertilizer treatment , 10% of the straw instead of 10% chemical fertilizer treatment, 20% of the pig manure to replace 20% of chemical fertilizer treatment, 10% of the pig manure organic fertilizer instead of 10% chemical fertilizer treatment, 30% of the pig manure organic fertilizer instead of 30% of chemical nitrogen fertilizer treatment and 20% biogas treatment instead of 20% chemical nitrogen fertilizer treatment can improve the rice gel consistency , 10% of the straw instead of 10% chemical fertilizer treatment had a lower amylase content. The results showed that organic fertilizers could improve the appearance of rice quality and cooking quality.

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李先,刘强,荣湘民,谢桂先,张玉平,彭建伟,宋海星.有机肥对水稻产量、品质及氮肥利用率的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2010,36(3):258-262.

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  • 收稿日期:2009-12-26
  • 最后修改日期:2010-03-11
  • 录用日期:2010-04-05
  • 在线发布日期: 2010-06-27
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