Taking Zhongzao 39 as the test material, we investigated the effects of five cold-resistant agents (abscisic acid, Bihu, sodium nitrophenolate, uniconazole, paclobutrazol) used in soaking seeds and foliar application on the seedling quality and yield of early rice seedlings. The results showed that using the soaking and foliar spraying with abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, uniconazole, soaking with Bihu, and foliar spraying with sodium nitrophenolate, the seedling height and the length of leaf sheath decreased by 7.05%-23.94% and 1.92%-32.48%, respectively. The number of green leaves, total roots and white roots increased by 1.02%-56.35%, 4.59%-18.77% and 12.41%-43.65%, respectively. Abscisic acid soaking seeds and uniconazole foliar spray treatment increased the grains number and the 1 000-grain weight. The abscisic acid foliar spray and Bihu spray treatment increased the effective panicle number and the 1 000-grain weight. In comparison with the control, the yield of the treatment with abscisic acid soaking was 27.88% higher than that of the control, followed by the soaking seeds treatment of uniconazole. And, the yield of abscisic acid foliar spray treatment, the Bihu soaking and foliar spraying increased by 4.82%-11.11%. The five cold-resistant agents can be applied in enhencing high yield of rice.