In order to explore the characteristics of reproduction and embryonic development of Neodontobutis hainanens and provide data basis for its biological research, we recorded and analyzed the reproductive cycle, the embryonic development process and the morphological changes via microscopy in 10 pairs of artificially bred Neodontobutis hainanens. The results show that, under the temperature of 28 ℃, the artificially bred Neodontobutis hainanens reached sexual maturity at about 6 months of age, when it could lay eggs continuously with a reproductive cycle of about 5-9 days. About one day before and after mating, the body color, especially the gills, of the male Neodontobutis hainanens will turn black. The fertilized egg of Neodontobutis hainanens is oval in shape and sticky at one end. Under the temperature of (20±2) ℃, the embryonic development lasts about 157 h, which is divides into 8 stages: fertilized egg, cleavage stage, blastocyst stage, gastrula stage, neurula stage, organogenesis stage, muscle response stage and hatching stage, which lasts 50 min, 4 h 30 min, 6 h 40 min, 5 h, 2 h, 16 h, 110 h and 12 h, respectively; During embryonic development, oil globules always appear on the yolk sac. In conclusion, the reproductive and embryonic development characteristics of Neodontobutis hainanens are similar to those of other Odontobutidae, but there are some differences in the timing of organ development.